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JupyterNotebook安装

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Jupyter 是一个编程语言的交互式计算的web服务，简单来说：jupyter作为一个web服务，可以在线在浏览器编程。

jupyter 主要有两个产品：

  • jupyter notebook 在线文档应用，可以在笔记文档里运行python代码，并显示结果。
  • jupyter lab 是 notebook 的加强升级版，用于笔记、代码和数据的最新的基于web的交互式开发环境。

对于学习者，比如我在学Python，我要做笔记：

  • 一般情况：我在编辑器或IDE写代码，运行代码，把代码和运行结果拷贝到笔记。
  • 使用jupyter：在浏览器里写笔记和代码，而笔记里面的代码是可以直接运行的，直观的很。

如何安装？

很简单，直接通过pip就可以安装。

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# 安装 JupyterLab 
$ pip install jupyterlab
# 启动
$ jupyter-lab

# 安装 经典 Jupyter Notebook
$ pip install jupyter  # 下面的日志是安装了这个
# 或者
$ pip install notebook # 官网推荐是安装这个
# 启动（会自动打开浏览器，默认端口: 8888）
$ jupyter notebook

注意：jupyterlab 和 jupyter notebook 仅需要安装其中一个。

后续补充：

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# 在一台新的机器执行安装，发现配置文件变了
# 而且也安装上了 jupyterlab，扩展安装不上（可能版本更替，不支持，或者自带）
# Web界面也有变化
$ pip install notebook --index-url https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/
# 可能源比较新，安装了notebook+jupyterlab，而且启动日志和配置文件都不一样了
$ jupyter --version
Selected Jupyter core packages...
IPython          : 8.14.0
ipykernel        : 6.25.0
ipywidgets       : not installed
jupyter_client   : 8.3.0
jupyter_core     : 5.3.1
jupyter_server   : 2.7.0
jupyterlab       : 4.0.3
nbclient         : 0.8.0
nbconvert        : 7.7.3
nbformat         : 5.9.2
notebook         : 7.0.1
qtconsole        : not installed
traitlets        : 5.9.0

# 当前只要启动jupyter就可以使用notebook和lab
# http://localhost:80 默认是 notebook 主页
# http://localhost:80/lab 是 jupyterlab 主页

# 启动
$ jupyter notebook
[546 ServerApp] ServerApp.password config is deprecated in 2.0. Use PasswordIdentityProvider.hashed_password.
[552 ServerApp] Package notebook took 0.0000s to import
[560 ServerApp] Package jupyter_lsp took 0.0076s to import
[560 ServerApp] A `_jupyter_server_extension_points` function was not found in jupyter_lsp. Instead, a `_jupyter_server_extension_paths` function was found and will be used for now. This function name will be deprecated in future releases of Jupyter Server.
[564 ServerApp] Package jupyter_server_terminals took 0.0032s to import
[564 ServerApp] Package jupyterlab took 0.0000s to import
[586 ServerApp] Package notebook_shim took 0.0000s to import
[586 ServerApp] A `_jupyter_server_extension_points` function was not found in notebook_shim. Instead, a `_jupyter_server_extension_paths` function was found and will be used for now. This function name will be deprecated in future releases of Jupyter Server.
[586 ServerApp] jupyter_lsp | extension was successfully linked.
[590 ServerApp] jupyter_server_terminals | extension was successfully linked.
[593 ServerApp] jupyterlab | extension was successfully linked.
[597 ServerApp] notebook | extension was successfully linked.
[755 ServerApp] notebook_shim | extension was successfully linked.
[767 ServerApp] WARNING: The Jupyter server is listening on all IP addresses and not using encryption. This is not recommended.
[768 ServerApp] notebook_shim | extension was successfully loaded.
[769 ServerApp] jupyter_lsp | extension was successfully loaded.
[770 ServerApp] jupyter_server_terminals | extension was successfully loaded.
[771 LabApp] JupyterLab extension loaded from /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/jupyterlab
[771 LabApp] JupyterLab application directory is /usr/local/share/jupyter/lab
[772 LabApp] Extension Manager is 'pypi'.
[774 ServerApp] jupyterlab | extension was successfully loaded.
[776 ServerApp] notebook | extension was successfully loaded.
[776 ServerApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: /usr/local/notebooks
[776 ServerApp] Jupyter Server 2.7.0 is running at:
[776 ServerApp] http://localhost:80/tree
[776 ServerApp]     http://127.0.0.1:80/tree
[776 ServerApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).

# 启动
$ jupyter lab
[290 ServerApp] ServerApp.password config is deprecated in 2.0. Use PasswordIdentityProvider.hashed_password.
[296 ServerApp] Package jupyterlab took 0.0000s to import
[303 ServerApp] Package jupyter_lsp took 0.0072s to import
[303 ServerApp] A `_jupyter_server_extension_points` function was not found in jupyter_lsp. Instead, a `_jupyter_server_extension_paths` function was found and will be used for now. This function name will be deprecated in future releases of Jupyter Server.
[307 ServerApp] Package jupyter_server_terminals took 0.0031s to import
[307 ServerApp] Package notebook took 0.0000s to import
[308 ServerApp] Package notebook_shim took 0.0000s to import
[308 ServerApp] A `_jupyter_server_extension_points` function was not found in notebook_shim. Instead, a `_jupyter_server_extension_paths` function was found and will be used for now. This function name will be deprecated in future releases of Jupyter Server.
[309 ServerApp] jupyter_lsp | extension was successfully linked.
[312 ServerApp] jupyter_server_terminals | extension was successfully linked.
[315 ServerApp] jupyterlab | extension was successfully linked.
[318 ServerApp] notebook | extension was successfully linked.
[478 ServerApp] notebook_shim | extension was successfully linked.
[488 ServerApp] WARNING: The Jupyter server is listening on all IP addresses and not using encryption. This is not recommended.
[488 ServerApp] notebook_shim | extension was successfully loaded.
[490 ServerApp] jupyter_lsp | extension was successfully loaded.
[490 ServerApp] jupyter_server_terminals | extension was successfully loaded.
[491 LabApp] JupyterLab extension loaded from /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/jupyterlab
[491 LabApp] JupyterLab application directory is /usr/local/share/jupyter/lab
[492 LabApp] Extension Manager is 'pypi'.
[494 ServerApp] jupyterlab | extension was successfully loaded.
[495 ServerApp] notebook | extension was successfully loaded.
[496 ServerApp] The port 80 is already in use, trying another port.
[496 ServerApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: /usr/local/notebooks
[496 ServerApp] Jupyter Server 2.7.0 is running at:
[496 ServerApp] http://localhost:81/lab
[496 ServerApp]     http://127.0.0.1:81/lab
[496 ServerApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).
[499 ServerApp] No web browser found: Error('could not locate runnable browser').
[513 ServerApp] Skipped non-installed server(s): bash-language-server, dockerfile-language-server-nodejs, javascript-typescript-langserver, jedi-language-server, julia-language-server, pyright, python-language-server, python-lsp-server, r-languageserver, sql-language-server, texlab, typescript-language-server, unified-language-server, vscode-css-languageserver-bin, vscode-html-languageserver-bin, vscode-json-languageserver-bin, yaml-language-server
[566 LabApp] 302 GET /lab (@192.168.0.42) 0.66ms
[609 ServerApp] User d3e21b90649743bf9e75a909ff5fc6f8 logged in.
[610 ServerApp] 302 POST /login?next=%2Flab (d3e21b90649743bf9e75a909ff5fc6f8@192.168.0.42) 59.69ms
[220 LabApp] Could not determine jupyterlab build status without nodejs
[487 ServerApp] interrupted
[487 ServerApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: /usr/local/notebooks

jupyter notebook 常用命令

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# 帮助
$ jupyter notebook -h
# 指定端口
$ jupyter notebook --port <port_number>
# 启动时不自动打开浏览器
$ jupyter notebook --no-browser

jupyter notebook 配置

jupyter notebook 默认是home路径，上面很多私人文档文件，所以需修改默认目录

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# 查看配置文件路径，如果没有配置文件会新生成一个
test@test-vm:~$ jupyter notebook --generate-config
Writing default config to: /home/test/.jupyter/jupyter_notebook_config.py
# vim编辑配置文件
test@test-vm:~$ vim /home/test/.jupyter/jupyter_notebook_config.py

# 找到 'notebook_dir' 关键字，设置路径
## The directory to use for notebooks and kernels.
#  Default: ''
# c.NotebookApp.notebook_dir = ''
c.NotebookApp.notebook_dir = '/home/test/notebooks'

重启 jupyter notebook 服务，浏览器显示的就是当前设置的目录

远程连接

jupyter notebook 是一个web服务，默认仅支持在本地访问，通过修改配置文件，可支持其他PC远程访问。

可以在服务器部署，客户机在浏览器上使用。

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# 允许远程连接
c.NotebookApp.allow_remote_access = True
# 所有IP可访问
c.NotebookApp.ip='*' 
# 可选，如果是作为一个服务运行，则无需自动打开本地浏览器
c.NotebookApp.open_browser = False

重启 jupyter notebook 服务，拷贝日志输出的URL，里面带有token参数是身份认证。

设置密码

默认的Token值是很长一串字符，很难记忆，可配置为密码登录。

  1. 生成密码

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    $ ipython
    In [1]: from notebook.auth import passwd
    In [2]: passwd()
    Enter password: (这里输入密码)
    Verify password: (这里再次输入密码)
    Out[2]: '密文'  (这里是生成的密码加密数据)

  2. 密码放置到配置文件：

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    c.NotebookApp.password = u'密文'

    重启，刷新浏览器，输入密码登录。

安装插件

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$ pip install jupyter_contrib_nbextensions
$ jupyter contrib nbextension install --user
$ pip install jupyter_nbextensions_configurator
$ jupyter nbextensions_configurator enable --user
# 重启jupyter失效
  1. 主页打开 Nbextensions 标签
  2. 取消勾选 disable configuration for nbextensions without explicit compatibility
  3. 勾选 Hinterland 代码不全
  4. 勾选 Code prettify 格式化代码

jupyter notebook 安装日志

备注： 此日志是桌边版的Ubuntu上安装

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test@test-vm:~$ pip install jupyter
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Collecting jupyter
  Downloading jupyter-1.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (2.7 kB)
Collecting qtconsole
  Downloading qtconsole-5.4.3-py3-none-any.whl (121 kB)
     ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 121.9/121.9 KB 698.9 kB/s eta 0:00:00
Collecting ipykernel
  Downloading ipykernel-6.23.3-py3-none-any.whl (152 kB)
     ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 152.8/152.8 KB 3.5 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Collecting notebook
  Downloading notebook-6.5.4-py3-none-any.whl (529 kB)
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Collecting jupyter-console
  Downloading jupyter_console-6.6.3-py3-none-any.whl (24 kB)
Collecting ipywidgets
  Downloading ipywidgets-8.0.6-py3-none-any.whl (138 kB)
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Collecting nbconvert
  Downloading nbconvert-7.6.0-py3-none-any.whl (290 kB)
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Collecting comm>=0.1.1
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Collecting nest-asyncio
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Collecting jupyter-client>=6.1.12
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Collecting pyzmq>=20
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Collecting jupyter-core!=5.0.*,>=4.12
  Downloading jupyter_core-5.3.1-py3-none-any.whl (93 kB)
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Collecting ipython>=7.23.1
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Collecting tornado>=6.1
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Collecting traitlets>=5.4.0
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Collecting matplotlib-inline>=0.1
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Collecting packaging
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Collecting pygments
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Installing collected packages: webencodings, wcwidth, pure-eval, pickleshare, ipython-genutils, fastjsonschema, executing, backcall, widgetsnbextension, websocket-client, webcolors, uri-template, traitlets, tornado, tinycss2, soupsieve, sniffio, Send2Trash, rfc3986-validator, rfc3339-validator, pyzmq, python-json-logger, python-dateutil, pyrsistent, pygments, pycparser, psutil, prompt-toolkit, prometheus-client, platformdirs, parso, pandocfilters, packaging, overrides, nest-asyncio, mistune, jupyterlab-widgets, jupyterlab-pygments, jsonpointer, fqdn, exceptiongroup, defusedxml, decorator, debugpy, bleach, attrs, asttokens, terminado, stack-data, qtpy, matplotlib-inline, jupyter-core, jsonschema, jedi, comm, cffi, beautifulsoup4, arrow, anyio, nbformat, jupyter-server-terminals, jupyter-client, isoduration, ipython, argon2-cffi-bindings, nbclient, ipykernel, argon2-cffi, qtconsole, nbconvert, jupyter-events, jupyter-console, ipywidgets, jupyter-server, notebook-shim, nbclassic, notebook, jupyter
Successfully installed Send2Trash-1.8.2 anyio-3.7.0 argon2-cffi-21.3.0 argon2-cffi-bindings-21.2.0 arrow-1.2.3 asttokens-2.2.1 attrs-23.1.0 backcall-0.2.0 beautifulsoup4-4.12.2 bleach-6.0.0 cffi-1.15.1 comm-0.1.3 debugpy-1.6.7 decorator-5.1.1 defusedxml-0.7.1 exceptiongroup-1.1.1 executing-1.2.0 fastjsonschema-2.17.1 fqdn-1.5.1 ipykernel-6.23.3 ipython-8.14.0 ipython-genutils-0.2.0 ipywidgets-8.0.6 isoduration-20.11.0 jedi-0.18.2 jsonpointer-2.4 jsonschema-4.17.3 jupyter-1.0.0 jupyter-client-8.3.0 jupyter-console-6.6.3 jupyter-core-5.3.1 jupyter-events-0.6.3 jupyter-server-2.7.0 jupyter-server-terminals-0.4.4 jupyterlab-pygments-0.2.2 jupyterlab-widgets-3.0.7 matplotlib-inline-0.1.6 mistune-3.0.1 nbclassic-1.0.0 nbclient-0.8.0 nbconvert-7.6.0 nbformat-5.9.0 nest-asyncio-1.5.6 notebook-6.5.4 notebook-shim-0.2.3 overrides-7.3.1 packaging-23.1 pandocfilters-1.5.0 parso-0.8.3 pickleshare-0.7.5 platformdirs-3.8.0 prometheus-client-0.17.0 prompt-toolkit-3.0.38 psutil-5.9.5 pure-eval-0.2.2 pycparser-2.21 pygments-2.15.1 pyrsistent-0.19.3 python-dateutil-2.8.2 python-json-logger-2.0.7 pyzmq-25.1.0 qtconsole-5.4.3 qtpy-2.3.1 rfc3339-validator-0.1.4 rfc3986-validator-0.1.1 sniffio-1.3.0 soupsieve-2.4.1 stack-data-0.6.2 terminado-0.17.1 tinycss2-1.2.1 tornado-6.3.2 traitlets-5.9.0 uri-template-1.3.0 wcwidth-0.2.6 webcolors-1.13 webencodings-0.5.1 websocket-client-1.6.1 widgetsnbextension-4.0.7
test@test-vm:~$ 
test@test-vm:~$ 
test@test-vm:~$ 
test@test-vm:~$ 

# 启动
test@test-vm:~$ jupyter notebook
[I 14:37:19.716 NotebookApp] Writing notebook server cookie secret to /home/test/.local/share/jupyter/runtime/notebook_cookie_secret

  _   _          _      _
 | | | |_ __  __| |__ _| |_ ___
 | |_| | '_ \/ _` / _` |  _/ -_)
  \___/| .__/\__,_\__,_|\__\___|
       |_|
                       
Read the migration plan to Notebook 7 to learn about the new features and the actions to take if you are using extensions.

https://jupyter-notebook.readthedocs.io/en/latest/migrate_to_notebook7.html

Please note that updating to Notebook 7 might break some of your extensions.

[I 14:37:19.976 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: /home/test
[I 14:37:19.976 NotebookApp] Jupyter Notebook 6.5.4 is running at:
[I 14:37:19.977 NotebookApp] http://localhost:8888/?token=eff1fc5fd6b900077d0c1d6a05594d665bfbf506eb72306d
[I 14:37:19.977 NotebookApp]  or http://127.0.0.1:8888/?token=eff1fc5fd6b900077d0c1d6a05594d665bfbf506eb72306d
[I 14:37:19.977 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).